Step 1 — Find Your Location

Type your address or ZIP code, or click the map to drop a pin.

Or use the map: click anywhere to drop a pin, then tap "Use This Location" to confirm.

No location selected yet — search an address or click the map above.

Step 2 — Refine for Your Panel Angle (optional)

The result above uses your location's standard reference angles. Enter your actual roof tilt and panel direction here for a more precise plane-of-array figure — leave both blank to keep the default.
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🔵 Compare a Second Location

Your Results

Primary Location
Peak Sun Hours
avg. hours/day, annual
GHI
kWh/m²/day, annual avg
DNI
kWh/m²/day, annual avg
At Your Panel Angle
enter tilt/azimuth above
Data source: —
Monthly Average Irradiance (GHI)

Your location's average solar irradiance for each month of the year, in kWh/m²/day. A comparison location, if added, appears as a second set of bars.

Monthly average solar irradiance chart.

Results are for reference and estimation only. Verify all values before making any siting or installation decision. See full disclaimer below.


Solar irradiance data uses a handful of terms most calculators don't explain. Here's what each one in your results actually means.

Solar Irradiance vs. Solar Insolation

Irradiance is an instantaneous measurement — the power hitting a surface at a given moment, in watts per square meter. Insolation is cumulative — the total energy received over a period like a day or year, in kilowatt-hours per square meter. In practice, and on this page, the two terms are often used interchangeably, the way "speed" and "distance traveled" describe related but distinct things.

Peak Sun Hours

One peak sun hour equals one hour of sunlight at a full-intensity 1,000 W/m². A location averaging 5 kWh/m²/day of GHI is described as getting 5 peak sun hours per day — the same number, expressed in a way that's easier to reason about than a raw energy unit.

GHI (Global Horizontal Irradiance)

Total sunlight reaching a flat, horizontal surface — direct sunlight plus the portion scattered by the atmosphere. This is the number most directly relevant to a typical fixed-tilt rooftop system.

DNI (Direct Normal Irradiance)

Only the sunlight arriving in a straight line from the sun, measured on a surface held perpendicular to it — which in practice means a surface that tracks the sun's position. More relevant to concentrating solar or tracking systems than most home installations.

Plane-of-Array Irradiance (Your Panel Angle)

The irradiance your panels would actually receive at their real tilt and compass direction, rather than the flat-horizontal (GHI) or latitude-tilt reference values. This is what Step 2 calculates once you enter your real tilt and azimuth.

This guide is provided for educational and reference purposes.